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Virtual Teams: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go From Here?

Luis L. Martins

Georgia Institute of Technology, College of Management, 800 West Peachtree Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0520, USAluis.martins{at}mgt.gatech.edu

Lucy L. Gilson

Department of Management, School of Business, University of Connecticut, 2100 Hillside Road, Unit 1041, Storrs, CT 06269-1041, USAlucy.gilson{at}business.uconn.edu

M. Travis Maynard

Department of Management, School of Business, University of Connecticut, 2100 Hillside Road, Unit 1041, Storrs, CT 06269-1041, USAtravis.maynard{at}business.uconn.edu

In this paper, we review the research on virtual teams in an effort to assess the state of the literature. We start with an examination of the definitions of virtual teams used and propose an integrative definition that suggests that all teams may be defined in terms of their extent of virtualness. Next, we review findings related to team inputs, processes, and outcomes, and identify areas of agreement and inconsistency in the literature on virtual teams. Based on this review, we suggest avenues for future research, including methodological and theoretical considerations that are important to advancing our understanding of virtual teams.

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Journal of Management, Vol. 30, No. 6, 805-835 (2004)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jm.2004.05.002
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J. M. Wilson, M. Boyer O'Leary, A. Metiu, and Q. R. Jett
Perceived Proximity in Virtual Work: Explaining the Paradox of Far-but-Close
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J. Mathieu, M. T. Maynard, T. Rapp, and L. Gilson
Team Effectiveness 1997-2007: A Review of Recent Advancements and a Glimpse Into the Future
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C. D. Cramton, K. L. Orvis, and J. M. Wilson
Situation Invisibility and Attribution in Distributed Collaborations
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S. L. Connaughton and M. Shuffler
Multinational and Multicultural Distributed Teams: A Review and Future Agenda
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P. Myers
Themed article: Sexed up intelligence or irresponsible reporting? The interplay of virtual communication and emotion in dispute sensemaking
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S. Z. Schiller and M. Mandviwalla
Virtual Team Research: An Analysis of Theory Use and a Framework for Theory Appropriation
Small Group Research, February 1, 2007; 38(1): 12 - 59.
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A.-F. Rutkowski, C. Saunders, D. Vogel, and M. van Genuchten
"Is It Already 4 a.m. in Your Time Zone?": Focus Immersion and Temporal Dissociation in Virtual Teams
Small Group Research, February 1, 2007; 38(1): 98 - 129.
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D. N. Clark and J. L. Gibb
Virtual Team Learning: An Introductory Study Team Exercise
Journal of Management Education, December 1, 2006; 30(6): 765 - 787.
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C. S. Saunders and M. K. Ahuja
Are All Distributed Teams the Same? Differentiating Between Temporary and Ongoing Distributed Teams
Small Group Research, December 1, 2006; 37(6): 662 - 700.
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B. L. Kirkman and J. E. Mathieu
The Dimensions and Antecedents of Team Virtuality
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