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Journal of Management, Vol. 18, No. 2,
215-237 (1992)
DOI: 10.1177/014920639201800202
Cross-Currents in the River of Time: Conceptualizing the Complexities of Women's Careers
Gary N. Powell
The University of Connecticut
Lisa A. Mainiero
Fairfield University
Womenface a complex panorama of choices and constraints in their career and life development. This article presents an approach to the understanding of women's careers that (a) takes into account non-work as well as work issues; (b) incorporates subjective as well as objective measures of career and life success; (c) incorporates the influence of personal, organizational, and societalfactors on women's choices and outcomes; and (d) does not assume that women's careers go through a predictable sequence of stages over time. Such an approach is vastly differentfrom traditional models of men's careers. Implications of this approach for research, organizations, and men's careers are discussed.

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